Fourth of July Hazards and Concerns for First Responders

The Fourth of July is one of the most celebrated holidays in the United States, marked by fireworks, barbecues, and large public gatherings. But for first responders, it also brings a high-risk environment with potential threats ranging from chemical exposures to crowd-related hazards. Understanding the specific dangers tied to pyrotechnics and having the right tools on hand is critical for protecting public health and safety during these events. 

Unique Chemical Hazards During Independence Day Celebrations 

While fireworks are central to Fourth of July festivities, they introduce a range of chemical dangers that go beyond the obvious fire risk. Pyrotechnics contain a complex mixture of oxidizers, fuels, and metallic compounds—including potassium nitrate, magnesium, strontium, sulfur, and perchlorates. When ignited, these chemicals release toxic gases, fine particulate matter (PM), and heavy metals into the air. 

In crowded environments, these airborne substances can pose serious risks—especially for individuals with respiratory conditions or chemical sensitivities. For first responders, managing these exposures quickly and effectively is essential. 

Fireworks-Related Injuries and Airborne Contaminants 

Each year, thousands of fireworks-related injuries are reported across the U.S. According to the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), an estimated 9,700 injuries occurred in 2023 alone, with the majority happening in the month surrounding Independence Day. While most public attention focuses on physical trauma like burns and eye injuries, many overlook the chemical exposure risk from fireworks detonation. 

Sparklers, for instance, can reach temperatures above 2,000°F and emit aluminum and magnesium particles. Aerial shells and rockets often contain strontium, barium, and perchlorates, which can linger in the air and on surfaces. These airborne toxins can infiltrate crowds and contaminate local environments long after the final firework has exploded. 

Regulatory Framework for Chemical and Fireworks Safety 

Fireworks safety is governed by several agencies with overlapping responsibilities: 

• OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration): Covers workplace safety involving explosives and chemical hazards under 29 CFR 1910.109. 

• NFPA (National Fire Protection Association): Publishes codes for fireworks displays (NFPA 1123) and storage/transportation (NFPA 1124). 

• ATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives): Regulates display-grade fireworks as explosives. 

• CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commission): Oversees consumer-grade fireworks and enforces labeling and safety standards. 

• DOT (Department of Transportation): Manages the transportation of hazardous materials, including pyrotechnics, under the Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR). 

Understanding these regulations helps agencies not only enforce safety, but also coordinate rapid response when chemical exposure events occur. 

Pre-Event Planning with Chemical Threats in Mind 

Site Inspection and Environmental Factors 

Before any public display, site inspections must assess not only fire risk, but also chemical dispersion potential. Wind patterns, crowd proximity, and topography influence how airborne toxins spread. First responders should participate in walkthroughs and evaluate the best placement for decontamination tools, air monitoring devices, and response teams. 

Safety Checklists That Go Beyond Fire 

A comprehensive safety checklist should include: 

• Designated hazardous vapor response stations 

• Decontamination tools available for chemical exposure like the FAST-ACT Pressurized Cylinder 

• Respiratory PPE for responders working near fallout zones 

• Emergency evacuation protocols in case of unknown chemical vapor releases 

FAST-ACT: Rapid Response to Vapor Chemical Threats 

FAST-ACT is not a fire suppression tool. Instead, it’s a chemical decontamination solution designed to neutralize toxic vapors, particulates, and liquid spills in seconds. During Fourth of July events, it can be deployed to: 

• Neutralize harmful chemical vapors and combustion byproducts in public areas 

• Respond to suspicious powders or unknown substances on-site 

• Assist in the post-display cleanup of chemical residues left behind by fireworks 

• Support HAZMAT and EMS teams in managing crowd exposures quickly and safely 

FAST-ACT can be used in open-air environments, on surfaces, or directly in response to a vapor release—making it a versatile asset for agencies managing large gatherings with chemical risk potential. 

Crowd Safety and Real-Time Hazard Monitoring 

Large gatherings increase the risk of chemical exposure events—whether from fireworks, suspicious smoke, or accidental releases. In these situations, speed and versatility are essential. 

Responders should be prepared to monitor for: 

• Unusual odors, smoke plumes, or chemical vapor clouds 

• Individuals showing signs of chemical exposure (e.g., eye irritation, respiratory distress) 

• Unauthorized use of fireworks or chemical-based devices in crowded areas 

FAST-ACT is uniquely suited for these fast-moving scenarios. Its portable Pressurized Cylinders, Decontamination Mitts, and Decontamination Wipes allow responders to quickly neutralize chemical threats—directly in the crowd environment—without the need for large-scale evacuation or water-based cleanup. 

By deploying FAST-ACT on-site, agencies can minimize chemical exposure risk to the public, reduce panic, and restore safe conditions in real time. 

For more information on crowd control for first responders, read our latest blog.  

Keeping Safety at the Forefront 

The Fourth of July is a time for community celebration but also demands heightened readiness from first responders. Chemical threats—often invisible and underestimated—are a serious concern at these events. Through planning, public education, and access to real-time chemical mitigation tools like FAST-ACT, agencies can enhance safety without dampening the festivities. 

Contact Our Team to learn more about deploying FAST-ACT in your community.